Güney Asya’daki felsefe tarihinin yazıya dökülmeden de felsefe yapmanın mümkün olduğunu gösterdiğini söylüyorsunuz. Yazılı olmayan bu felsefe (ve sözlü diğer felsefe gelenekleri) –tırnak içinde söylüyorum– “primitif” kalmaya mahkum değil mi?
Afrika’nın ve Kolomb öncesi Amerika’nın yazılı olmayan kültürlerinde de felsefi düşünce olduğuna dair, Alman Kültürlerarası Felsefe Derneği’ndeki arkadaşlarımızın hazırladıkları, fakat benim düşünceme göre pek az itinalı çalışmaları üzerine ben şu noktaya dikkat çektim; yazısız felsefi düşüncenin ne kadar eskiye götürülebileceği bilinmek isteniyorsa, Güney Asya’nın (Hindistan’ın) da bu açıdan incelenmesi gerekmektedir.
Güney Asya’da eksen çağında (M.Ö. 800’den M.Ö. 200’e) ve akabinde takvim hesabının değişmesine kadarki yüzyıllarda hepsi okur yazar olmayan büyük filozofların sözlü Afrika ve Amerika kültürlerinde şimdiye kadar karşılaşılmayan düşünce faaliyetleri vardır.
Fakat daha sonra Güney Asya’daki filozoflar da yazıyı kullanmaya başladılar. Yazıdaki soyutlama ve sistematik zorluğun hangi ölçüde elzem olduğu ise evvela kişinin bu ikincil soruna ilgi duymasıyla çözülebilecek bir meseledir.
Elmar Holenstein
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